Operate DOS ( Disk Operating System )

  

Gambar 50. DOS ( Disk Operating System )

This lesson provides an introduction to DOS—a command-line operating system—and covers its basic operations. You'll learn about its history, key commands, and how to manage files and directories using DOS.

 1. Introduction to DOS

What is DOS?

§  Definition: DOS stands for Disk Operating System. It is an operating system that uses a command-line interface (CLI) to execute commands.

§  Historical Context: Once widely used before the rise of graphical operating systems like Windows, DOS was the foundation for early personal computing.

§  Relevance Today: Although modern systems use graphical interfaces, understanding DOS helps you appreciate the fundamentals of computer operations and command-line functionality.

 

 2. Getting Started with the DOS Command Line

Opening DOS:

§  Booting into DOS: On older systems, DOS was loaded during startup. Today, you can use Command Prompt on Windows or DOS emulators like DOSBox.

§  Command Prompt: This is the interface where you type commands. It usually displays a prompt (e.g., `C:\>`), waiting for user input.

 

Basic Syntax:

§  Command Structure: DOS commands typically consist of the command name followed by parameters and switches. For example:

  ```dos

  DIR /W

  ```

§  `DIR` is the command.

§  `/W` is an optional switch that modifies the output format.

 

 3. Basic DOS Commands

 a. File and Directory Navigation

1)      `DIR` – List Directory Contents:

§  Usage: `DIR`

§  Description: Displays a list of files and subdirectories in the current directory.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> DIR

    ```

2)    `CD` – Change Directory:

§  Usage: `CD [directory_name]`

§  Description: Changes the current working directory.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> CD Documents

    ```

3)    `MD` or `MKDIR` – Make Directory:

§  Usage: `MD [directory_name]`

§  Description: Creates a new directory.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> MD Projects

    ```

4)    `RD` or `RMDIR` – Remove Directory:

§  Usage: `RD [directory_name]`

§  Description: Deletes an empty directory.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> RD Projects

    ```

b. File Management

1)        `COPY` – Copy Files:

 

§  Usage: `COPY [source] [destination]`

§  Description: Copies files from one location to another.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> COPY file1.txt D:\Backup\

    ```

 

2)        `DEL` – Delete Files:

§  Usage: `DEL [filename]`

§  Description: Removes a file.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> DEL unwanted.txt

    ```

 

3)        `REN` – Rename Files:

§  Usage: `REN [old_filename] [new_filename]`

§  Description: Renames a file.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> REN oldname.txt newname.txt

    ```

 

4)        `TYPE` – Display File Contents:

§  Usage: `TYPE [filename]`

§  Description: Shows the contents of a text file.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> TYPE readme.txt

    ```

 

4. Advanced DOS Commands

1)        `ATTRIB` – Change File Attributes:

§  Usage: `ATTRIB [+R|-R] [+A|-A] [+S|-S] [+H|-H] [filename]`

§  Description: Modifies attributes like read-only, archive, system, and hidden.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> ATTRIB +R secret.txt

    ```

2)    `FORMAT` – Format a Disk:

§   Usage: `FORMAT [drive:]`

§   Description: Prepares a disk for use by erasing all data and setting up a file system.

§   Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> FORMAT D:

    ```

3)        `CHKDSK` – Check Disk for Errors:

§  Usage: `CHKDSK [drive:]`

§  Description: Scans the disk for errors and displays a status report.

§  Example:

    ```dos

    C:\> CHKDSK C:

    ```

 

 5. Practical Tips for Operating DOS

§     Tab Completion: Use the TAB key to automatically complete file and directory names.

§    Command History: Use the up and down arrow keys to cycle through previously entered commands.

§     Help Command: Type `HELP` to see a list of available commands, or `COMMAND /?` to get help for a specific command (e.g., `DIR /?`).

 

6. Exercises and Practice

Try the following exercises to reinforce your understanding:

a. Navigate and List Files:

   - Open the command prompt and navigate to a directory of your choice.

   - Use the `DIR` command to list all files and directories.

b. Create and Remove a Directory:

   - Create a new directory named `TestFolder` using `MD`.

   - Navigate into `TestFolder` with `CD` and then move back.

   - Remove `TestFolder` using `RD`.

c. File Operations:

   - Copy a file from one directory to another.

   - Rename the copied file.

   - Display the content of the renamed file using `TYPE`.

 

7. Summary

§  DOS Overview: DOS is a command-line operating system with a rich history and fundamental operations.

§      Core Commands: You learned to navigate directories, manage files, and use key commands like `DIR`, `CD`, `COPY`, `DEL`, and more.

§       Practice: Regular practice with these commands will build your proficiency in using DOS.

 

By mastering these basics, you lay the groundwork for understanding more advanced command-line interfaces and operating system fundamentals. Happy learning!

Referensi

Operate DOS ( Disk Operating System )

https://komunitassoftware.blogspot.com/p/operate-dos-disk-operating-system.html